Threat Research Blog

  • Discovering Hidden Vulnerabilities in Portainer with CodeQL

    Discovering Hidden Vulnerabilities in Portainer with CodeQL

    Recently, we researched a project on Portainer, the go-to open-source tool for managing Kubernetes and Docker environments. With more than 30K stars on GitHub, Portainer gives you a user-friendly...

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  • CyberArk Named a Leader in the 2024 Gartner® Magic Quadrant™ for Privileged Access Management – again.

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  • Anatomy of an LLM RCE

    Anatomy of an LLM RCE

    As large language models (LLMs) become more advanced and are granted additional capabilities by developers, security risks increase dramatically. Manipulated LLMs are no longer just a risk of...

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  • A Security Analysis of Azure DevOps Job Execution

    A Security Analysis of Azure DevOps Job Execution

    In software development, CI/CD practices are now standard, helping to move code quickly and efficiently from development to production. Azure DevOps, previously known as Team Foundation Server...

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  • AI Treason: The Enemy Within

    AI Treason: The Enemy Within

    tl;dr: Large language models (LLMs) are highly susceptible to manipulation, and, as such, they must be treated as potential attackers in the system. LLMs have become extremely popular and serve...

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  • A Brief History of Game Cheating

    A Brief History of Game Cheating

    Over the short span of video game cheating, both cheaters and game developers have evolved in many ways; this includes everything from modification of important game variables (like health) by...

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  • Double Dipping Cheat Developer Gets Caught Red-Handed

    Double Dipping Cheat Developer Gets Caught Red-Handed

    Following our post “A Brief History of Game Cheating,” it’s safe to say that cheats, no matter how lucrative or premium they might look, always carry a degree of danger. Today’s story revolves...

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  • Identity Crisis: The Curious Case of a Delinea Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability

    Identity Crisis: The Curious Case of a Delinea Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability

    During a recent customer engagement, the CyberArk Red Team discovered and exploited an Elevation of Privilege (EoP) vulnerability (CVE-2024-39708) in Delinea Privilege Manager (formerly Thycotic...

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  • How to Bypass Golang SSL Verification

    How to Bypass Golang SSL Verification

    Golang applications that use HTTPS requests have a built-in SSL verification feature enabled by default. In our work, we often encounter an application that uses Golang HTTPS requests, and we have...

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  • The Current State of Browser Cookies

    The Current State of Browser Cookies

    What Are Cookies When you hear “cookies,” you may initially think of the delicious chocolate chip ones. However, web cookies function quite differently than their crumbly-baked counterparts....

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  • You Can’t Always Win Racing the (Key)cloak

    You Can’t Always Win Racing the (Key)cloak

    Web Race Conditions – Success and Failure – a Keycloak Case Study In today’s connected world, many organizations’ “keys to the kingdom” are held in identity and access management (IAM) solutions;...

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  • Operation Grandma: A Tale of LLM Chatbot Vulnerability

    Operation Grandma: A Tale of LLM Chatbot Vulnerability

    Who doesn’t like a good bedtime story from Grandma? In today’s landscape, more and more organizations are turning to intelligent chatbots or large language models (LLMs) to boost service quality...

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  • Your NVMe Had Been Syz’ed: Fuzzing NVMe-oF/TCP Driver for Linux with Syzkaller

    Your NVMe Had Been Syz’ed: Fuzzing NVMe-oF/TCP Driver for Linux with Syzkaller

    Following research conducted by a colleague of mine [1] at CyberArk Labs, I better understood NVMe-oF/TCP. This kernel subsystem exposes INET socket(s), which can be a fruitful attack surface for...

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  • Crumbled Security: Unmasking the Cookie-Stealing Malware Threat

    Crumbled Security: Unmasking the Cookie-Stealing Malware Threat

    Over the past few years, we’ve seen a huge increase in the adoption of identity security  solutions. Since these types of solutions help protect against a whole range of password-guessing and...

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  • The Hacker’s Guide to The Cosmos (SDK): Stealing Millions from the Blockchain

    The Hacker’s Guide to The Cosmos (SDK): Stealing Millions from the Blockchain

    Introduction Welcome, fellow travelers of the Cosmos! While we may not be traversing the stars on a spaceship, we are all interconnected through the powerful network of blockchains. Unfortunately,...

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  • A Deep Dive into Penetration Testing of macOS Applications (Part 3)

    A Deep Dive into Penetration Testing of macOS Applications (Part 3)

    Introduction This is the final installment of the blog series “A Deep Dive into Penetration Testing of macOS Applications.” Previously, we discussed the structure of macOS applications and their...

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  • Ransomware’s PLAYing a Broken Game

    Ransomware’s PLAYing a Broken Game

    Abstract The Play ransomware group is one of the most successful ransomware syndicates today. All it takes is a quick peek with a disassembler to know why this group has become infamous. This is...

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  • SafeNet: Securing Your Network From Yourself

    SafeNet: Securing Your Network From Yourself

    TL;DR Whether working at home or in the office, when conducting cybersecurity research, investigating the dark web forums or engaging with any dangerous part of the internet, staying safe is...

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  • Fuzzer-V

    Fuzzer-V

    TL;DR An overview of a fuzzing project targeting the Hyper-V VSPs using Intel Processor Trace (IPT) for code coverage guided fuzzing, built upon WinAFL, winipt, HAFL1, and Microsoft’s IPT.sys....

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  • NVMe: New Vulnerabilities Made Easy

    NVMe: New Vulnerabilities Made Easy

    As vulnerability researchers, our primary mission is to find as many vulnerabilities as possible with the highest severity as possible. Finding vulnerabilities is usually challenging. But could...

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  • Fantastic Rootkits: And Where To Find Them (Part 3) – ARM Edition

    Fantastic Rootkits: And Where To Find Them (Part 3) – ARM Edition

    Introduction In this blog, we will discuss innovative rootkit techniques on a non-traditional architecture, Windows 11 on ARM64. In the prior posts, we covered rootkit techniques applied to a...

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