Attackers with Local Administrator Rights Can Harvest Encrypted Service Credentials to Achieve Lateral Movement and Full Domain Compromise
NEWTON, Mass. and PETACH TIKVAH, Israel – November 16, 2016 – CyberArk (NASDAQ: CYBR) today unveiled new research from CyberArk Labs detailing what it considers to be a significant risk across all Windows endpoints, including those on Windows 10 with Credential Guard enabled. The exploit could allow cyber attackers to harvest encrypted service credentials from the registry and inject them into a new malicious service to achieve lateral movement and full domain compromise.
Microsoft Credential Guard was introduced to mitigate the risk of lateral movement using compromised credentials, yet Credential Guard does not protect domain-level user and service credentials equally. Despite being encrypted, domain-level service credentials remain in the registry, at risk of compromise by attackers who have obtained local administrator privileges on an infected endpoint.
Similar in concept to Pass-the-Hash attacks, if fully exploited, cyber attackers could compromise and reuse an encrypted service credential – without ever needing to decrypt it – to move laterally through the organization and ultimately be able to gain access to a domain controller.
From Stolen Credential to Domain Compromise
In a proof of concept, CyberArk Labs researchers were able to demonstrate that attackers with local administrator access on a single user’s machine could compromise domain-level service credentials and reuse them in encrypted form to achieve lateral movement and full domain compromise, even when Credential Guard is enabled. CyberArk’s testing showed that an attacker with local administrator access would not have to use malware to execute this type of attack, and by exploiting this risk, an attacker could gain full ownership of the entire domain in just minutes.
“This research is important to help organizations understand that not all credentials are protected equally, and further, encrypted credentials are not necessarily secure,” said Kobi Ben Naim, senior director of cyber research, CyberArk Labs. “By better understanding the risks associated with credential theft, organizations can prioritize mitigation strategies, starting on the endpoint.”
To learn more, including the specific attack methodology and mitigation strategies for domain-level service credential exploits, read the full CyberArk Labs report, “Stealing Service Credentials to Achieve Full Domain Compromise.”
Research from CyberArk Labs focuses on targeted attacks against organizational networks – the methods, tools and techniques employed by cyber attackers, as well as methods and techniques to detect and mitigate such attacks.
