Glosario de CyberArk

Access Certification facilitates the review of a user’s access privileges and requires a third-party to certify that the access should continue to be granted for a designated period of time.

Access discovery provides administrators with a clear picture of who has access to what applications, resources or privileges across the organization.

Access management solutions are used by businesses to authenticate, authorize and audit access to on-premises and cloud-based applications and IT systems.

Active Directory (AD) is Microsoft’s directory and identity management service for Windows domain networks. AD is used for user authentication and authorization by a variety of Microsoft solutions like Exchange Server and SharePoint Server, as well as third-party applications and services.

Adaptive MFA is a method for using contextual information and business rules to determine which authentication factors to apply to a particular user in a particular situation. Businesses use Adaptive Authentication to balance security requirements with the user experience.

An app gateway is an enterprise security solution that lets users access traditional web applications hosted in corporate data centers using the same logon credentials and methods they use to access mobile apps and cloud services.

Authentication and Authorization solutions positively validate a user’s identify and grant permission to access applications and IT systems once verified.

Bots automate and supplement human workflows helping organizations improve business agility, reduce costs and risks, and free up staff for higher value tasks.

A CI/CD pipeline is a collection of tools used by developers and test engineers throughout the continuous software development, delivery and deployment lifecycle.

The Secure Software Development Attestation Form is a requirement introduced by the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency with OMB collaboration.

Cloud identity and access management (IAM) permissions let IT and security organizations control access to the resources in their cloud environments.

Cloud identity security is the practice of implementing identity security controls to secure human and machine identities in hybrid and multi-cloud environments. Cloud migration and digital transformation have become commonplace for many modern enterprises

Sometimes referred to as Cloud Entitlements Management solutions or Cloud Permissions Management solutions, CIEM solutions apply the Principle of Least Privilege access to cloud infrastructure and services, helping organizations defend against data breaches, malicious attacks and other risks posed by excessive cloud permissions.

CIAM solutions control access to public websites and digital properties, making it easy for customers to sign up and log on to online applications and services.

Businesses purchase cyber insurance (also known as cybersecurity insurance) to mitigate financial loss due to cyber attacks and data breaches.

La seguridad en la nube hace referencia a la práctica de proteger la integridad de las aplicaciones, los datos y la infraestructura virtual basados en la nube.  El término se aplica a todos los modelos de despliegue en la nube (nube pública, nube privada, nube híbrida, multinube) y a todos los tipos de servicios y soluciones a la carta basados en la nube (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS).

Data sovereignty is the ability of enterprises to safeguard and have full control over the personally identifiable information (PII) of any citizen or permanent resident of the country in which it operates.

A defense-in-depth strategy, aka a security-in-depth strategy, refers to a cybersecurity approach that uses multiple layers of security for holistic protection.

Digital transformation refers to the process of integrating digital technology into various aspects of an organization to fundamentally change how it operates and delivers value to its customers or stakeholders.

A directory service is a common data repository for maintaining information about network users and resources as part of their Identity Security strategy.

The Digital Operational Resilience Act (DORA) Act, is a regulatory framework established by the European Union to fortify the financial sector against ICT threats.

Una filtración de datos es un incidente de seguridad en que usuarios internos malintencionados o atacantes externos obtienen acceso no autorizado a datos confidenciales o información sensible como historias clínicas, información financiera o información de identificación personal (PII). Las filtraciones de datos son uno de los tipos de incidentes de ciberseguridad más comunes y costosos.

DevOps es un término utilizado para describir un conjunto de prácticas, herramientas y filosofías culturales que unen el desarrollo de software (Dev) y las operaciones de TI (Ops) y aumentan la capacidad de una organización para ofrecer aplicaciones y servicios a alta velocidad. DevOps presenta nuevos riesgos y cambios culturales que crean retos de seguridad que, por lo general, no pueden afrontarse mediante las soluciones y prácticas de gestión de seguridad convencionales.

An enterprise browser is a dedicated, corporate web browser designed to give enterprises enhanced security and control over how the browser functions while ensuring a seamless browsing experience for employees

La seguridad para endpoints hace referencia a la práctica de proteger las redes empresariales contra las amenazas que se originan en los dispositivos remotos o locales. Un endpoint es cualquier dispositivo que proporciona un punto de entrada a los activos y aplicaciones de la empresa y representa una posible vulnerabilidad de ciberseguridad.

Federal Risk and Authorization Management Program (FedRAMP) is a United States government-wide program that standardizes the security assessment, authorization and continuous monitoring of cloud products and services.

FIDO2 is an open authentication standard developed by the FIDO Alliance, an organization with the mission to develop open, scalable authentication standards.

Healthcare cybersecurity protects organizations from cyber attacks and ensures availability of medical services, integrity of patient data, and compliance.

Identity and Access Management (IAM) solutions enable administration of user identities and control of access to enterprise resources. IAM solutions ensure the right individuals have access to the right IT resources, for the right reasons, at the right time.

Identity as a Service (IDaaS) is an Identity and Access Management solution delivered in the form of a cloud-based service hosted and managed by a trusted third party. An IDaaS offering combines all the functions and benefits of an enterprise-class IAM solution with all the economic and operational advantages of a cloud-based service.

Identity Governance and Administration (IGA) solutions efficiently manage digital identities and access rights across diverse systems and are used by corporate information security, risk management, compliance teams and IT organizations.

Identity lifecycle management refers to the process of managing the user identities and evolving access privileges of employees and contractors throughout their tenure—from day one through separation.

Learn everything you need to know identity orchestration and how it automates identity management workflows without writing custom codes or scripts.

Identity Security is a comprehensive solution for securing all identities– human or machine – throughout the cycle of accessing critical assets.

Identity Threat Detection and Response (ITDR) is a security discipline consisting of cyber threat intelligence, behavior analysis, tools and structured processes to enhance identity infrastructure security and accelerate the remediation of identity-centric attacks.

Intelligent privilege controls are security measures designed to manage access to enterprise resources based on real-time risk assessments and contextual factors.

ISO stands for the International Organization for Standardization that sets standards for quality, safety, efficiency and interoperability across industries.

Mediante la metodología de acceso Just-in-time (JIT), las organizaciones pueden elevar los usuarios humanos y no humanos en tiempo real para proporcionar un acceso con privilegios elevado y granular a una aplicación o sistema a fin de realizar una tarea necesaria. Los analistas de la industria de la ciberseguridad recomiendan el acceso JIT como una forma de proporcionar un acceso con privilegios seguro al minimizar el acceso permanente.

Kubernetes, also known as K8s, is a popular open-source container orchestration platform designed for cloud portability across hybrid and multi-cloud infrastructure. 

El principio del mínimo privilegio (PoLP) hace referencia a un concepto de seguridad de la información en que se da a un usuario los niveles (o permisos) de acceso mínimos necesarios para desempeñar sus funciones laborales. En general, el principio del mínimo privilegio se considera una práctica óptima de ciberseguridad y es un paso fundamental para proteger el acceso con privilegios a datos y activos de gran valor.

Machine identities are digital entities used to identify, authenticate and authorize machines, devices, and IT infrastructure that is not associated with a human.

Malware es un término amplio que designa cualquier tipo de software malicioso diseñado para causar daños o perjuicios a un ordenador, servidor, red de cliente o de equipos o infraestructura sin el conocimiento del usuario final. Los ciberatacantes crean, utilizan y venden malware por muchas razones diferentes, pero la mayoría de las veces se utiliza para robar información personal, financiera o corporativa.

Mitre Att&ck is an open framework for implementing cybersecurity detection and response programs that includes a global knowledge base of adversarial TTPs.

Multi-cloud leverages two or more cloud services from more than one cloud provider. In the enterprise, multi-cloud typically refers to running enterprise applications on platform-as-a-service (PaaS) or infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS) from multiple cloud service providers, such as Amazon Web Services (AWS), Google Cloud Platform (GCP), IBM cloud and Microsoft Azure.

Multi-Factor Authentication is a method for using contextual information and business rules to determine which authentication factors to apply to a particular user in a particular situation. Businesses use MFA to balance security requirements with the user experience.

The NIS2 (Network and Information Security) Directive is a regulatory framework established by the European Union(EU) to enhance the cybersecurity of critical infrastructure and digital service providers.

NIST CSF 2.0 is a new version of the original National Institute of Standards and Technology Cybersecurity Framework, help to manage and mitigate cybersecurity risks.

NIST SP 800-207 is a guidance published by the National Institute of Standards and Technology. A part of NIST SP 800 series for information security and cybersecurity.

Non-human Identities are digital entities used to identify, authenticate and authorize machines, devices, and IT infrastructure that is not associated with a human.

Operational Technology (OT) cybersecurity is a key component of protecting the uptime, security and safety of industrial environments and critical infrastructure.

La gestión del acceso con privilegios (PAM) hace referencia a una estrategia integral de ciberseguridad — que comprende personas, procesos y tecnología— para controlar, supervisar, proteger y auditar todas las identidades y actividades con privilegios humanas y no humanas en todo el entorno informático de una empresa. Las organizaciones aplican la gestión del acceso con privilegios para protegerse contra las amenazas que suponen el robo de credenciales y el uso indebido de privilegios.

Passwordless Authentication is an authentication method that allows a user to gain access to an application or IT system without entering a password or answering security questions.

The Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS) is a widely accepted set of security practices to protect cardholder data and prevent credit card fraud.

A phishing attack is a social engineering tactic commonly used to steal confidential data or deliver ransomware or some other form of malware.

La automatización robótica de procesos (RPA) es una tecnología de automatización que ayuda a las organizaciones a automatizar parcial o totalmente las tareas estandarizadas. Los robots de software de automatización robótica de procesos, o "bots", pueden imitar las acciones de los humanos para realizar el trabajo.

El ransomware es un tipo de malware diseñado para extorsionar a las víctimas para obtener un beneficio financiero. Una vez activado, el ransomware impide que los usuarios interactúen con sus archivos, aplicaciones o sistemas hasta que se pague un rescate, normalmente en forma de moneda indetectable como el bitcoin.

Remote access security solutions authenticate users who are accessing business applications and IT systems from outside the private enterprise network.

Remote work security safely extends business applications and services to teleworkers and nomadic users without impairing user experience or satisfaction.

La gestión de secretos permite a las organizaciones aplicar sistemáticamente políticas de seguridad para las identidades no humanas. La gestión de secretos garantiza que solo las entidades autenticadas y autorizadas puedan acceder a los recursos de las pilas de herramientas, plataformas y entornos en la nube.

El software como servicio (SaaS) es un modelo de concesión de licencias y distribución de software en el que un proveedor de servicios aloja aplicaciones y las pone a disposición de los clientes a través de Internet. El SaaS, también conocido como "software a la carta", "software alojado" y "software basado en web", es uno de los tres componentes principales de la informática en la nube, uno de los elementos fundamentales de la transformación digital.

Security Assertion Markup Language (SAML) provides a standard way for businesses and application providers to share user authentication and authorization data and federate identity management functionality.

A security framework is a set of documented standards, policies, procedures, and best practices intended to enhance an organization’s security and reduce risk.

Security Operations (SecOps) is the practice of combining internal information security and IT operations practices to improve collaboration and reduce risks.

Single Sign-On (SSO) is an authentication method that lets users access multiple applications and services using a single set of login credentials. SSO can help businesses improve user satisfaction and productivity, strengthen access security, and reduce IT operations expense and complexity.

SOC 2 is a security compliance framework developed by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) to securely manage customer data within the cloud.

Social engineering is a manipulation technique aimed at tricking individuals into revealing sensitive information

The Society of Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication (SWIFT) is a cooperative founded in 1973 by members of the financial community with proprietary network.

Synthetic identity refers to a counterfeit identity formed by combining a mix of genuine and false information, blurring the line between physical and digital characteristics that identify a human being.

TEA is a security concept that enhances access control by managing when, how much, and under what conditions users or systems can access resources.

Temporary elevated access management (TEAM) access methodology helps organizations elevate privileges for human and non-human users in real time to provide granular access to an application or system in order to perform a necessary task.

Third-party access is the process of granting external vendors and service providers secure access to IT assets for maintenance, administration and management.

User behavior analytics use AI and machine learning to analyze large datasets to identify security breaches, data exfiltration and other malicious activities.

A virtual directory is an Identity and Access Management architectural component that gives identity consumers a consolidated and unified view of identity management information stored in multiple disparate data repositories.

La confianza cero es un modelo estratégico de ciberseguridad diseñado para proteger los entornos de negocios digitales modernos. La confianza cero se basa en la creencia de que las organizaciones no deben confiar automáticamente en nada, ya sea fuera o dentro del perímetro de su red. Los modelos de confianza cero exigen que todo lo que intente conectarse a los sistemas de una organización debe verificarse para que se le conceda acceso.

Zero Standing Privileges (ZSP) is an identity security principle that advocates for the removal of all persistent privileges for users within an enterprise’s estate. Practically, Zero Standing Privileges is a progression from the concept of just-in-time access.